N-Q: Nagle through Quinby

Source: The Union Army, Federal Publishing Company

Nagle, James, brigadier-general, was born in Reading, Pennsylvania, April 5, 1822. In 1842 he organized the Washington artillery company, and when the war with Mexico began he enlisted with it as captain in the 1st Pennsylvania volunteers. His regiment was stationed at Perote castle to keep open communications with Vera Cruz during the siege. He subsequently was present at the battles of Huamantla, Puebla and Atlixco, entered the City of Mexico, and then was stationed at San Angel until the close of the war. On his return to Pennsylvania he was presented with a sword by the citizens of Schuylkill county. He was commissioned colonel of the 6th Pennsylvania regiment, April 22, 1861, and later in the year organized the 48th Pennsylvania infantry, of which he became colonel, October 1. He commanded the 1st Page 184 brigade, 2nd division, of the 6th army corps, and took part in the battles Crampton's gap in South mountain and Antietam, and at the last named battle performed an important part in carrying the stone bridge, which, according to General McClellan, saved the day. He was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, September 10, 1862, and his appointment expired March 4, 1863, but was renewed March 10, and he served with his brigade in Kentucky until May 9, when he resigned on account of impaired health. He organized the 39th Pennsylvania regiment in June, 1863, and was commissioned its colonel, July 1, commanded a brigade during Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania, and was honorably mustered out, August 2, 1863. In 1864 he organized the 149th Pennsylvania regiment for 100 days' service, and was its colonel from July 24 to November 5, guarding the approaches to Baltimore. He died in Pottsville, Pennsylvania, August 22, 1866.

Naglee, Henry M., brigadier-general, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, January 15, 1815. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1835, but resigned on December 31, of that year, and engaged in civil engineering until 1846. At the beginning of the Mexican war he was commissioned captain in the 1st New York volunteers, and he served throughout the war, in California, afterwards engaging in banking in San Francisco until 1861. He was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the 16th U. S. infantry, May 14, 1861, but did not join his regiment; resigned his command, January 10, 1862, and was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, February 4. He served in the defenses of Washington, and in the Virginia campaign of 1862, commanding a brigade at Williamsburg, at Fair Oaks, where he was wounded, and in the Seven Days' battles about Richmond, June 26July 2, 1862. He then commanded a division in the Department of North and South Carolina, in 1863; was in command of the 7th army corps, July and August, 1863, at Harper's Ferry; and from August to September, 1863, commanded the District of Virginia. He was on waiting orders from November, 1863, to April 4, 1864, when he was mustered out of the service. He subsequently resumed his banking business in San Francisco, became interested in grape culture and engaged in distilling brandy. He died in San Francisco, California, March 5, 1886.

Negley, James S., major-general, was born in East Liberty, Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, December 22, 1826. He was graduated at the Western Reserve university of Pennsylvania, served through the most important battles of the Mexican war as a private in the 1st Pennsylvania volunteers, and on returning to civil life became a farmer and horticulturalist. At the beginning of the Civil war he raised a brigade for three months' service and participated with it in the battle of Falling Waters, July 2, 1861. After his three months' service had expired he was recommissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, his commission dating from October 1, 1861, and served under General Buell in northern Alabama and Tennessee, where he commanded one of the columns of Mitchel's force, and in May, 1862, surprised the Confederate cavalry under General Wirt Adams, at Sweeden's cove captured a large number of prisoners and put the remainder to flight. He subsequently commanded at the battle of La Vergne, October 7, 1862, where he defeated the Confederates under General R. H. Anderson and General N. B. Forrest, and for gallantry at Stone's river he was promoted major-general, to date from November 29, 1862. He engaged in the Georgia campaign, and held Owen's gap at the battle of Chickamauga. He was honorably mustered out January 19, 1865. After the war General Negley was representative in Congress from the 22nd Pennsylvania district from 1869-73, 1875-77, and 1885-87. He was for fifteen years manager of the Volunteer Soldiers' Home; was president of the National Union League of America; member of the G. A. R. Veteran Legion; Scott's Legion; Military Order of Foreign Wars, and other military orders.. He died in Plainfield, New Jersey, August 7, 1901.

Neill, Thomas H., brigadier-general, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April 9, 1826. He attended the University of Pennsylvania two years, was then appointed cadet at the United States military academy, and was graduated there and appointed brevet 2nd lieutenant, in the 4th infantry, July 1, 1847. He served in the Mexican war, 1847-48, and served then on garrison and frontier duty until the Civil war, with the exception of the years 1853 to 1857, when he taught drawing at West Point, was later promoted 1st lieutenant, and in 1857 captain. He was during the first part of the war assistant adjutant-general on the staff of General Cadwalader, was promoted colonel of the 23d Pennsylvania volunteers, February 17, 1862, and brigadier-general of volunteers on November 29 of that year. He served first with the Army of the Potomac, engaging in the siege of Yorktown and the battles of Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Savage Station and Malvern hill, was also in the Maryland campaign and at the battle of Fredericksburg commanded a brigade. He was brevetted major for gallantry at Malvern hill, won the brevet of lieutenant-colonel for his action at Chancellorsville, was engaged at Gettysburg after a forced march of over 35 miles, and took part in the succeeding operations of the Army of the Potomac until the autumn of 1864, winning the brevet of colonel for gallant and meritorious services at Spottsylvania. He commanded the 2nd division, 6th army corps, at Cold Harbor, June 1, 1864, was acting inspector-general in Sheridan's Shenandoah campaign, taking part in the battle of Cedar creek and in several skirmishes, and on March 13, 1865, was brevetted brigadier-general in the regular army and major-general of volunteers for gallant and meritorious services in the war. He was mustered out of the volunteer service, August 24, 1865. He had been promoted major of the 11th infantry, August 26, 1863, and after the war served with his regiment at various posts, was a member of the examining board and subsequently commandant of cadets at the military academy, besides serving as inspector-general, as commandant of the recruiting station at Governor's island, New York, and on the frontier against Indians. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel and transferred to the 1st infantry, February 22, 1869; was promoted colonel and transferred to the 8th cavalry, April 2, 1879, and was retired from the active service, April 2, 1883, for "disability in the line of duty." He died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, March 10, 1885.

Nelson, William, major-general, was born near Maysville, Kentucky, in 1825. He entered the United States navy as midshipman, January 28, 1840, commanded a battery at the siege of Vera Cruz in the Mexican war, and afterwards served in the Mediterranean. He was promoted master in 1854, lieutenant in 1855, and in 1858 commanded the "Niagara," in which he carried back to Africa the negroes that had been taken from the slaver "Echo." Early in 1861 he was serving in Washington, and on July 16 he was promoted lieutenant-commander and had charge of the gunboats on the Ohio river. He was instrumental in raising recruits for the Union army in Kentucky and Tennessee, and on September 16, he was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers. On November 8, he engaged with two Ohio regiments, reinforced by detachments from several Kentucky regiments, in checking the advance of Colonel John S. Williams on Prestonburg, and was successful in forcing the Confederate leader back into Virginia. He was then ordered to join the column in front of Louisville in command of a division under General Buell, and he took a conspicuous part as commander of his division at the battle of Shiloh, where Buell's army was the first to join General Grant. He was defeated at Richmond, Kentucky, and wounded in the engagement, commanded Louisville when that city was threatened by Bragg, and on July 17, 1862, was promoted major-general of volunteers. In an altercation which arose at the Gait House in Louisville between General Nelson and General Jefferson C. Davis, Davis shot Nelson, and Page 186 the latter died at the Gait House, Louisville, Kentucky, September 29, 1862. Davis was arrested but was never brought to trial.

Newton, John, major-general, was born in Norfolk, Virginia, August 24, 1823. He was graduated at the United States military academy, second in his class, in 1842, and was engaged as assistant professor of engineering at that school, and on various engineering works, until 1860, except in 1858, when he was chief engineer of the Utah expedition, receiving promotion to captain, July 1, 1856. He was appointed chief engineer of the Department of Pennsylvania at the outbreak of the Civil war, then held a similar position in the Department of the Shenandoah, was promoted major in August, 1861, and from then until March, 1862, was chief engineer in charge of the defenses of Washington, being in command also of a brigade for the defence of the capital, and receiving promotion to the rank of brigadier-general of volunteers, September 23, 1861. He served during the Peninsular campaign in the Army of the Potomac as commander of a brigade, and took part in the action at West Point and the battles of Gaines' mill and Glendale, and he covered the retreat of Pope's army from Bull Run to Washington, September 1-2, 1862. He then served in the Maryland campaign, engaging in the battle of South mountain, and also at Antietam, where he won the brevet promotion to lieutenant-colonel for gallantry; and he commanded the 3d division, 6th corps, Army of the Potomac, at Fredericksburg and in the Chancellorsville campaign, the successful assault on Marye's heights being under his direction. He was promoted major-general of volunteers, March 30, 1863, and at Gettysburg on July 2 he succeeded to the command of the 1st corps after the death of General Reynolds, being brevetted colonel for his services in this action. He engaged then in the pursuit of the Confederate army to Warrenton, and was in the Rapidan campaign, in October-December. He was placed in command of the 2nd division of the 4th corps of the Army of the Cumberland, under General Oliver O. Howard, in May, 1864, and took part in all the important engagements of the invasion of Georgia, including the battle of Peachtree creek and the siege and occupation of Atlanta. On March 13, 1865, General Newton was brevetted brigadier-general and major-general in the regular army, and, his commission as major-general in the volunteer army having been revoked April 18, 1864, was brevetted major-general of volunteers on the same date for gallant and meritorious services during the war. From October, 1864, to January 24, 1866, he was in command of the state and of various districts in the state of Florida, and was honorably mustered out of the volunteer service, January 31, 1866. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of engineers, December 28, 1865, was promoted colonel in 1879, and on March 6, 1884, became chief of engineers with the rank of brigadier-general. After the war he was in charge of various engineering works which won him world-wide fame as an engineer. His most important achievement was the removing of obstructions from the channel at Hell Gate, East river, New York These obstructions, known as Hallett's reef and Flood rock, were duly exploded on September 24, 1876. and October 10, 1885. General Newton was retired, August 27, 1886, and in 1887-88 was superintendent of public works in New York city. He died in New York city, May 1, 1895.

Nickerson, Frank S., brigadier-general, was born in Swanville, Maine, August 27, 1826. He was educated at the East Corinth academy and was collector of customs at the beginning of the Civil war, but he resigned his office to become major in the 4th Maine infantry, June 15, 1861. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of his regiment, September 9, colonel November 25, and on November 29. 1862, was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers. He was specially mentioned by General O. O. Howard for his bravery at Bull Run. After becoming colonel of his regiment he was sent to New Orleans, Page 187 under General Benjamin F. Butler, and was specially mentioned for his services at Baton Rouge. After receiving his commission as brigadier-general General Nickerson served in the Department of the Gulf during the remainder of the war, and on May 13, 1865, resigned his commission and took up his residence in Boston, Massachusetts.

Oakes, James, brigadier-general, was born near Limestoneville, Pennsylvania, April 4, 1826. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1846 and served in the 2nd dragoons during the Mexican war, where he won the brevet of 1st lieutenant "for gallant and meritorious conduct in the affair at Medelin, Mexico," and that of captain for gallantry at Molino del Rey. After the Mexican war he served on frontier and garrison duty, was wounded in an affray with Indians, August 12, 1850, and was promoted captain in the 2nd infantry, March 3, 1855. He was subsequently a member of frequent scouting parties against Indians, was promoted major, April 6, 1861, and declined the commission of brigadier-general of volunteers offered him, May 17, 1861. He commanded a regiment in the Tennessee and Mississippi campaign of 1862, afterwards served on mustering and recruiting service, and commanded the District of Illinois, 1863-66. He had been promoted lieutenant-colonel of the 4th cavalry, November 12, 1861, and on July 31, 1866, he was promoted colonel of the 6th .cavalry. He was retired April 20, 1879. On March 30, 1865, he was brevetted colonel and brigadier-general U. S. A., "for meritorious and faithful service in the recruitment of the armies of the United States."

Oglesby, Richard J., major-general, was born in Oldham county, Kentucky, July 25, 1824. He was left an orphan when eight years old and moved to Decatur, Illinois, where he worked as a farm hand and carpenter. He studied law under Judge Silas W. Robinson at Springfield, Illinois, 1844-45, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and joined the service of the United States for the Mexican war as 1st lieutenant in the 4th Ill. volunteers. He saw service at Vera Cruz and Cerro Gordo, resumed his law practice in Decatur in 1847, was graduated at the Louisville, Kentucky, law school with the degree of LL. B. in 1849, and in that year engaged in gold seeking in California. He travelled in Europe, Egypt and the Holy Land, 1850-57, was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress in 1858, and in 1860 was elected to the Illinois state senate. He resigned this position, April 25, 1861, to become colonel of the 8th Illinois volunteers, and distinguished himself as commander of a brigade under General Grant, at the capture of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson, his brigade being the first to enter Fort Henry. For gallantry at Fort Donelson he was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, March 21, 1862, and he again distinguished himself at Corinth, "where he was severely wounded and incapacitated for duty until April, 1863, when, having been promoted major-general of volunteers, November 29, 1862, he commanded the left wing of the 16th army corps. He resigned, May 26, 1864, and in the following November was elected governor of Illinois on the Republican ticket by a large majority. He held this office continuously until 1869, was again elected in 1872, and in 1873 resigned to accept a seat in the United States senate. He declined reelection to the senate in 1879, and in November, 1884, was elected governor of the state for a four-year term. In 1889 he retired to private life. He died in Elkhart, Illinois, April 24, 1899.

Oliver, John M., brigadier-general, was born in Penn Yan. New York, September 6, 1828. He was educated at St. John's college. College Point, Long Island, New York, and subsequently moved to Monroe, Michigan, where he was a druggist and served as recorder of the court. On April 17, 1861, he enlisted as a private, was promoted 1st lieutenant in the 4th Michigan infantry on June 20, and captain in that regiment on September 25. On March 13, 1862, he was commissioned colonel of the 15th Michigan infantry, and at Page 188 the battle of Shiloh, April 6-7, 1862, he won commendation from General McCook for conspicuous bravery and efficient service. He commanded a brigade at the battles of Iuka, Corinth and Grand Junction, his regiment during the Vicksburg campaign, and a brigade during the first part of the Atlanta campaign. He commanded a brigade again in the march to the sea, and at the capture of Fort McAllister, December 13, 1864, his brigade opened and carried the assault. He then led his brigade in the Carolinas and until disbanded at Washington after the surrender of Johnston's army, receiving promotion to the rank of brigadier-general January 12, 1865. He subsequently commanded the 2nd division, 15th army corps, Army of the Tennessee, at Louisville, Kentucky, and then at Little Rock, Arkansas, where he was mustered out of the service, August 24, 1865. He was brevetted major-general of volunteers, March 13, 1865, "for faithful, efficient and gallant service during the war." After being mustered out General Oliver practiced law in Little Rock, Arkansas, and was assessor of internal revenue there; was subsequently appointed by President Grant superintendent of the postal service in the southwest, and took up his residence in Washington. He resigned in 1871 on account of ill health. He declined the appointment of associate justice of the supreme court of the district of Columbia in 1869. General Oliver died in Washington, D. C, March 30, 1872.

Opdycke, Emerson, brigadier-general, was born in Hubbard, Ohio, January 7, 1830. He engaged in business in Ohio and then California, then returned to Warren, Ohio, and enlisted for service in the Civil war from that place, becoming 1st lieutenant in the 41st Ohio infantry, August 26, 1861, and captain, January 9, 1862. He was acting major at Shiloh, where he led an important charge. He subsequently was mustered out and recruited the 125th Ohio infantry, of which he became lieutenant-colonel, October 1, 1862, and colonel January 14, 1863, and he served in the movements against Chattanooga, making a charge at Chickamauga and later in the day maintaining his position at a loss of one-third his men; while at Chattanooga, where he commanded a demi-brigade, his force was among the first commands to reach the crest at the storming of Missionary ridge. He also rendered good service in the Atlanta campaign, notably at Rocky Face ridge where he was the first to reach the crest, at Resaca where he was severely wounded, and at Kennesaw mountain, where with three regiments he made an unsuccessful assault. He commanded a brigade from August, 1864, until the close of the war, and at Franklin, in November, 1864, he led his brigade from reserve into the gap made by Hood's assault, without waiting for orders, and was credited by General Thomas, the commander of the army, with the success of the day. He subsequently distinguished himself at Nashville and took a prominent part in repelling Hood's invasion of Tennessee, afterwards commanding a division at New Orleans, Louisiana, until January, 1866, when he resigned. He was brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers February 7, 1865, and on March 13, 1865, was brevetted major-general of volunteers to date from November 30, 1864, for important and valuable services at Franklin. His commission of brigadier-general dates from July 26, 1865. After the war General Opdycke engaged in the wholesale dry goods business in New York city. He died in New York city, April 25, 1884.

Ord, Edward O. C, major-general, was born at Cumberland, Maryland, October 18, 1818. He was educated at the West Point military academy, and after being graduated in 1839 was appointed a brevet second lieutenant in the 3d U. S. artillery. He served with distinction in the Seminole war in Florida, and also in the Civil war. The battle of Dranesville, in 1861, was won under his leadership, and he was severely wounded at the battle of Hatchie bridge and again at the assault on Fort Harrison. Having been several times promoted for gallant and meritorious conduct,, he became Page 189 commander of the Department of Virginia and North Carolina in 1864, and led the Army of the James in the victorious engagements that ended the war. In March, 1865, he received the brevet of major-general in the regular army, and he subsequently held successive command of the Departments of Arkansas, California, Texas, and the Platte. In 1880 he was placed on the retired list, and soon afterward accepted the position of engineer in the construction of the Mexican railway. He died at Havana, Cuba, July 22, 1883.

Orme, William W., brigadier-general, was born in Washington, D. C, February 17, 1832. He was educated at Mount St. Mary's college, Emmitsburg, Maryland, and afterwards moved to Illinois, studied law, and practiced his profession in Bloomington. He was a member of the constitutional convention in Illinois in 1860, and at the beginning of the Civil war raised the 94th Illinois regiment, of which he was commissioned colonel, August 20, 1862. He was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, November 29, 1862, and served until compelled to resign on account of failing health, April 26, 1864. He was subsequently supervising agent in the United States treasury. General Orme died in Bloomington, Illinois, September 13, 1866.

Osborn, Thomas O., brigadier-general, was born in Jersey, Licking county, Ohio, August 11, 1832. He attended Delaware college, was graduated at the University of Ohio with the degree of A. B. in 1854 and A. M. in 1857, studied law with General Lew Wallace and began to practice in Chicago in 1859. He offered his services to the government at the beginning of the Civil war, was instrumental in enlisting and organizing the 39th Illinois regiment, became lieutenant-colonel of that organization, October 11, 1861, and its colonel, January 1, 1862. Being detailed to guard the Baltimore & Ohio railroad in West Virginia, he engaged Jackson's forces during the raid into Morgan county and held the superior Confederate force in check for several hours, afterwards making good his escape across the Potomac with small loss. He was engaged in the battle of Winchester, March 23, 1862, and commanded a brigade in the operations against the forts in Charleston harbor in 1863. He accompanied General Butler up the James river in May, 1864, was severely wounded at Drewry's bluff, where he lost the use of his right arm, and at the siege of Petersburg he commanded the 1st brigade, 1st division, 24th army corps. He made a gallant charge and was instrumental with his brigade in the capture of Fort Gregg, April 2, 1865, and for this service was promoted brigadier-general on May 1, 1865, and he took an important part in the subsequent operations leading to the surrender of Lee's army. He was given the brevet rank of brigadier-general of volunteers, March 10, 1865, and that of major-general on April 2, in recognition of gallant and meritorious services in front of Richmond and Petersburg. General Osborn resigned his commission, September 28, 1865, and resumed his law practice in Chicago, becoming also treasurer of Cook county and a manager of the national soldiers' home. He was a commissioner to settle the disputed claims between the United States and Mexico, and from 1874-85 was United States consul general and minister-resident to the Argentine Republic. He was subsequently engaged in railroad enterprises in Brazil but retained his residence in Chicago. He died, December 20, 1808.

Osterhaus, Peter J., major-general, was born in Coblentz, Germany, January 4, 1823. He immigrated to the United States in 1849, settling in Belleville, Illinois, and at the outbreak of the Civil war was commissioned major of a battalion in the 2nd Missouri infantry, with which he took part in the actions at Dug springs and Wilson's creek. He was commissioned colonel of the 12th Missouri regiment, December 19, 1861, and commanded a brigade under General John C Fremont, a division under General Samuel R. Curtis at Pea ridge, in March, 1862, and one of the three divisions of the Army Page 190 of the Southwest in May of that year. He was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, June 9, 1862, and commanded a division in the capture of Arkansas Post and subsequently in the Vicksburg campaign. He commanded the 1st division of the 15th corps of Grant's army in the operations at Chattanooga and at the battle of Missionary ridge, where he particularly distinguished himself, and he subsequently participated in the Atlanta campaign, the march through Georgia, and the campaign of the Carolinas. During the absence of General Logan, from September 1, 1864, to January, 1865, he commanded the 15th army corps, Army of the Tennessee, having been promoted major-general, July 23, 1864. He acted as chief of staff to General Canby at the surrender of General E. Kirby Smith, and afterwards commanded the military district of Mississippi until January 15, 1866, when he was honorably mustered out. General Osterhaus was United States consul at Lyons, France, 1866-77, then returned to New York city, where for several years he engaged in manufacturing and exporting hardware, and he subsequently removed to Mannheim, Germany, where he continued the business.

Owen, Joshua T., brigadier-general, was born in Caermarthen, Wales, March 29, 1821. He immigrated to the United States with his parents in 1830, was graduated at Jefferson college, Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1845, and engaged in teaching and in the practice of law, being admitted to the bar in 1852, and he established, with his brother Robert, the Chestnut Hill academy for boys. He was a member of the state legislature, 185759, was a private in the 1st city troop of Philadelphia in 1861, and on May 8 of that year became colonel of the 24th Pennsylvania volunteers. After being mustered out after his three months' service had expired he organized the 69th Pennsylvania regiment, of which he became colonel, August 18, 1861, and with which he served in all the battles of the Army of the Potomac from Fair Oaks to Cold Harbor, commanding a brigade part of the time and winning by gallant and meritorious conduct at Glendale promotion to the rank of brigadier-general of volunteers, November 29, 1862. His commission expired March 4, 1863, but he was reappointed, March 30, and served until mustered out, July 18, 1864. General Owen then resumed the practice of his profession in Philadelphia, and was recorder of deeds there in 1866-71. In 1871 he founded the "New York Daily Register," a law journal which became the official organ of the New York courts in 1873, and he was a member of its editorial staff until shortly before his death. General Owen died at Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, November 7, 1887.

Paine, Charles J., brigadier-general, was born in Boston, Massachusetts, August 26, 1833. He was graduated at Harvard with the degree of A. B. in 1853 and A.M.in 1856,and he entered the Union Army ,October 5,1861, as captain in the 22nd Massachusetts infantry. He became major in the 30th Massachusetts infantry, January 16, 1862, colonel of the 2nd Louisiana, infantry, October 23, of that year, and on July 4, 1864, he was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers. He led a brigade at the siege of Port Hudson, May 24-July 8, 1863, then joined General Butler in the Department of Virginia and North Carolina, participating in the battle of Drewry's bluff, and he commanded a division of colored troops in the attack at New Market, Virginia, in September, 1864. He also participated in the expedition against Fort Fisher, was with Sherman in North Carolina, subsequently, and for a time commanded the District of New Berne. He was brevetted major-general of volunteers, January 15, 1865, for "valuable and meritorious services," and was mustered out a year later. After leaving the army General Paine was connected with the management of railroad corporations and was for many years a director of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, the Mexican central and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe railroads. He also became prominent for the part he took in defending the "America's" cup, and in February, 1888, the New Page 191 York yacht club presented him with a silver cup in recognition of his services in three times defending the trophy. In 1897 he was appointed by President McKinley, together with Edward O. Wolcott and Adlai E. Stevenson, a special envoy to Great Britain, France and Germany, with a view to secure by international agreement the remonetization of silver as a coin of final redemption.

Paine, Eleazer A., brigadier-general, was born in Parkman, Geauga county, Ohio, September 10, 1815. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1839, served on General Taylor's staff in the Florida war, and resigned his commission in 1840 to begin the study of law. He was admitted to the bar and practiced at Painesville, Ohio, 1843-48, and then at Monmouth, Illinois, 1848-61. He was United States deputy marshal for Ohio from 1842 to 1845, being at the same time lieutenant-colonel in the Ohio militia, and he was brigadier-general of Ohio militia from 1845 to 1848. He was appointed colonel of the 9th Illinois infantry, July 26, 1861, and brigadier-general of volunteers on September 3 of that year. He commanded a brigade at Paducah, Kentucky, in the fall of 1861, at Cairo, January-February, 1862, and the 4th division of Pope's army in the operations against New Madrid, Island No. 10, Fort Pillow and Memphis, in March and April, 1862, and he took an important part in the advance on Corinth in May, the evacuation of that place being materially hastened by his operations, his troops being engaged with the Confederates at Farmington on May 9. The remainder of his service was in guarding railroads, and as commander, first of the district of West Tennessee and then of western Kentucky. He resigned his commission, April 5, 1865, and after the war engaged in business. General Paine was a personal friend of President Lincoln. He died in Jersey City, New Jersey, December 16, 1882.

Paine, Albert E., brigadier-general, was born in Chardon, Geauga county, Ohio, February 4, 1826. He was graduated at Western Reserve college with the degree of A. B. in 1845 and A. M. in 1848, was admitted to the bar in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1849 and practiced there until 1857, when he moved to Milwaukee, where he continued the practice of his profession until the Civil war broke out. He was major-general of Ohio militia, 1856-57. He entered the service of the United States, July 2, 1861, as colonel of the 4th Wisconsin cavalry, and after serving for a time at Baltimore, Maryland, left with General Butler in 1862 on the expedition to New Orleans. His service during the remainder of the war was chiefly in the Department of the Gulf. He captured the town of Grand Bluff and burned it by order of General Butler, was subsequently arrested by General Thomas Williams for refusing to return fugitive slaves to the camps of their masters, and after the death of General Williams succeeded to the command of Baton Rouge, where he packed the statue of Washington and the books in the state capital and sent them to New Orleans. He was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, March 13, 1863, and in the last assault on Port Hudson, where he commanded the 3d division of the 19th corps, he lost a leg. He afterwards served on General Augur's military commission in Washington, commanded the forces stationed between Forts Totten and Stevens during General Early's advance on Washington in July, 1864, commanded for a time the district of Illinois, and then returned to Milwaukee. He was brevetted major-general of volunteers, March 13, 1865, "for conspicuous gallantry on several occasions, particularly for the attack on Port Hudson, Louisiana, May 27, 1863." He resigned from the army, May 15, 1865. General Paine was a Republican representative from the 1st Wisconsin district in Congress from 186S:7l, and in 1869 secured the passage of a bill organizing the United States signal service. After leaving Congress he practiced law in Washington and was United States commissioner of patents from 1878 to 1890.

Palmer, Innis N., brigadier-general, was born in Buffalo, New York, March 30, 1824. He was. graduated at the United States military academy in 1846 and served throughout the Mexican war, where he was wounded at Chapultepec, won the brevets of 1st lieutenant and captain for gallantry at Contreras, Churubusco and Chapultepec, and took part in the assault on and capture of the City of Mexico. He was afterwards on frontier and recruiting duty, and was promoted major, April 5, 1861, having attained the intervening grades. He served from April to July, 1861, in the defenses of Washington, and in the Manassas campaign he commanded the battalion of United States cavalry at the battle of Bull Run, winning promotion to brevet lieutenant-colonel by gallantry there. He was transferred to the 5th cavalry in August, 1861, was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers on September 23, and commanded a brigade in the 4th army corps of the Army of the Potomac during the Virginia Peninsular campaign, being engaged at Yorktown, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, and in the Seven Days' battles. He was subsequently engaged in organizing and forwarding to the field New Jersey and Delaware troops and in superintending camps of drafted men at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1862; commanded then the 1st division of the 18th army corps in North Carolina from January to July, 1863, the Department of North Carolina, February to March, the District of Pamlico, the 18th army corps and the defenses of New Berne, North Carolina, March, 1863, to April, 1864, and then the districts of North Carolina and Beaufort, North Carolina, successively until June, 1865. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel and transferred to the 2nd cavalry, September 23, 1863, and on March 13, 1865, was brevetted brigadier-general in the regular army and major-general of volunteers. He was promoted colonel in June, 1868, and commanded his regiment at various posts until retired at his own request in March, 1879. He died in Chevy Chase, Maryland, September 10, 1900.

Palmer, John M., major-general, was born at Eagle Creek, Scott county, Kentucky, September 13, 1817. He removed with his parents to Illinois in 1831, studied law there, supporting himself meanwhile by manual labor, and in 1839 was admitted to the bar, practicing subsequently at Carlinville, Illinois, until the Civil war. He supported Martin Van Buren for the presidency, was judge of the probate court for Macoupin county, Illinois, from 1843 to 1847, member of the state constitutional convention in the latter year, judge of probate in 1848, county judge from 1849 to 1851, member of the state senate from 1852 to 1854, and again in 1853, and a delegate to the Republican national convention in 1856. He was a defeated Republican candidate for Congress in 1858, and was a Lincoln elector in 1861. He was elected colonel of the 14th Illinois infantry, May 25, 1861, accompanied General John C Fremont in his expedition to Springfield and was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers on December 20. He commanded a division, under General Pope at the capture of New Madrid and Island No. 10, and his brigade at the siege of Corinth, and was then ordered home, May 29. 1862, on account of sickness. He organized the 122nd Illinois infantry in August, and on his return to duty in the field commanded a division in Rosecrans' army at the battle of Stone's river, where he was promoted major-general of volunteers, and in the battle of Chickamauga he commanded the 2nd division of the 21st army corps. He commanded the 14th army corps in the Chattanooga campaign and the Atlanta campaign until August. 1864, when he was assigned to the military division of Kentucky. There he was military governor and had charge of the Freedmen's bureau, and was mustered out of the service, September 1, 1866. General Palmer was Republican governor of Illinois from 1869-73, actively supported Tilden and Hendricks in 1876, and was the defeated Democratic candidate for United States senator in 1877 and again in 1883. He was defeated for governor of Illinois in 1888, and in 1891 was elected as Page 193 a Democrat to the United States senate, serving until 1897. He refused to support the free silver policy of the Democratic party in 1806 and became a candidate for president of the United States on the Gold Democrat platform with Simon B. Buckner of Kentucky for vice-president. He gave his influence to the Republican nominees for the presidency and vice president in 1900. General Palmer died in Springfield, Illinois, Sept . 25, 1900.

Parke, John G., major-general, was born in Chester county, Pennsylvania September 22, 1827. He entered the University of Pennsylvania, but left at the end of his sophomore year and became a cadet at the United States military academy, where he was graduated second in his class, in 1849. and assigned to duty with the topographical engineers. He was employed previous to the Civil war on various important topographical surveys as chief astronomer and surveyor, and was commissioned captain of topographical engineers, September 9, 1861. He was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers on November 23 and accompanied General Burnside on the expedition to North Carolina, where he was engaged at Roanoke island, New Berne, and Fort Macon. For his services at Fort Macon he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel in the regular army and promoted major-general of volunteers, to date from July 18, 1862. He was engaged in the movement to Newport News, Fredericksburg, and Washington, D. C, in 1862, and was chief of staff to General Burnside in the Maryland campaign, where he was engaged at South mountain and Antietam and in the pursuit of the enemy to Warrenton. When Burnside became commander of the Army of the Potomac General Parke continued as his chief of staff and engaged in the battle of Fredericksburg. He participated in the movement of the 9th army corps into Kentucky, commanded it on the march to Vicksburg, where he arrived before the surrender; and in the reoccupation of Jackson, Mississippi, he commanded the left wing of General Sherman's army and won the brevet of colonel for his services there. He subsequently commanded the 9th army corps in the Department of the Ohio during the East Tennessee campaign, being engaged in the action at Blue springs, October 10, 1863; the defence of Knoxville, November 17-December 4, and in the operations against Longstreet in January and February, 1864. When General Burnside resumed command of the corps he accompanied him as commander of a division in the march to Virginia and acted as his chief of staff during the Wilderness and Spottsylvania campaigns. He was on sick leave July-August, 1864, and on his return to duty, the 9th corps having been made a part of the Army of the Potomac, he resumed command of it and led in during the Richmond campaign, engaging in the siege of Petersburg, the combat at Peebles' farm, at Hatcher's run, and the assault on Fort Stedman, being also present at the surrender of Lee's army at Appomattox. On March 13, 1865, he was brevetted brigadier-general and major-general in the regular establishment for gallant and meritorious services at Knoxville and Fort Stedman. His last service in the volunteer army was as commander of the southern district of New York, and on January 15, 1866, he was honorably mustered out of the volunteer service. He had been made major of engineers, June 14, 1864. and he was promoted lieutenant-colonel, March 4, 1879. and colonel. March 17, 1884. General Parke was commandant at the United States military academy from 1887 to 1889 and was retired at his own request July 2, 1889. He was the author of numerous technical reports. He died in Washington, D. C, December 15. 1900.

Parsons, Lewis B., brigadier-general, was born in Genesee county, New York, April 5, 1818. He was graduated at Yale in 1840, studied law at Harvard, was admitted to the bar and settled in Alton. III., where for several years he held the office of city attorney. In 1853 he moved to St . Louis, Missouri, where he became president and treasurer of the Ohio & Page 194 Mississippi railroad, and early in the Civil war he was one of a commission appointed to examine into the administration of General John C Fremont in Missouri. He was appointed colonel of volunteers and assigned to the staff of General H. W. Halleck, February 19, 1862, with the charge of railroad transportation in his department, which was subsequently extended to include the entire country west of the Alleghanies, and in 1864 he was placed in charge of all railway and river army transportation in the United States. Perhaps his most noteworthy feat in railroad army transportation was that of transferring the army of General John M. Schofield from Mississippi to Washington, D. C This force, consisting of 20,000 men, was transferred a distance of 1400 miles, in January, 1865, in an average time of eleven days, and in recognition of the service he was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers May 11, 1865. He was brevetted major-general of volunteers, April 30, 1866, and was honorably mustered out at that time. Patterson, Francis E., brigadier-general, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, June 24, 1827. He was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania, served in McCullough's "Texas Rangers" in the Mexican war, and on June 24, 1847, was appointed 2nd lieutenant in the 1st U. S. artillery. He was promoted 1st lieutenant in 1848 and captain in the 9th infantry in 1855, resigned his commission in 1857 and became engaged in mercantile pursuits. He became colonel of a Pennsylvania regiment at the beginning of the Civil war, was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, April 11, 1861, and commanded the 3d brigade, Hooker's division, Heintzelman's corps, at Williamsburg and Fair Oaks. He was killed by the accidental discharge of his own pistol and died at Fairfax Court House, Virginia, November 22, 1862.

Patrick, Marsena R., brigadier-general, was born in Houndsfield, New York, March 15, 1811. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1831, took part in the Florida war in 1837-42, was promoted 1st lieutenant in 1839 and served in the war with Mexico, being promoted captain in the 22nd infantry, August 22, 1847, and brevetted major May 30, 1848, "for meritorious conduct while serving in the enemy's country." He resigned from the army in 1850 and engaged in farming in New York, becoming also president of the Sacket's Harbor & Ellisburg railroad, general superintendent of the New York state agricultural society, and president of the New York state agricultural college. He was brigadier-general of staff and inspector-general of New York militia in 1861; a member of the staff of General McClellan in 1862, and on March 17 of that year was commissioned brigadier-general of United States volunteers. He commanded a brigade in the defense of Washington from March to May, then became military commandant of Fredericksburg, and he took part in McDowell's pursuit of Jackson, May 7-August 9, 1862. He commanded a brigade in the northern Virginia campaign and was present at the battles of Bull Run, South mountain and Antietam, and was subsequently provost-marshal-general of the Army of the Potomac. 1863-65, and of the armies operating against Richmond, 1864-65. On March 13, 1865, he was brevetted major-general of volunteers for faithful and meritorious service, and subsequently was provost-marshal-general of the Department of the Virginia until June. 1865, when he resigned. After the war General Patrick was president of the New York state agricultural society, 1867-68; and commissioner of New York state, 1868-69. and 1879-80. He then removed to Dayton. Ohio, and was governor of the central branch of the national home for disabled volunteer soldiers from 1880 to 1888. He died in Dayton, Ohio, July 27, 1888.

Paul, Gabriel R., brigadier-general, was born in St. Louis, Missouri, March 22, 1813. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1834, served in the Florida war and on the frontier, and was promoted Page 195 captain in 1846. In the war with Mexico he engaged in the defense of Fort Brown, fought in the battle of Monterey, the siege of Vera Cruz, the battle of Cerro Gordo where he was wounded, the battles of Contreras, Churubusco and Molino del Rey, and the storming of Chapultepec, receiving the brevet of major for gallant and meritorious conduct at Chapultepec. After the close of the Mexican war he gained distinction by his services on the frontier against desperadoes and Indians, served in garrison in Texas and Missouri, 1852-58, and took part in the Utah expeditions, 185860. During the early part of the Civil war he served in New Mexico, where he was acting inspector-general from July to December, 1861, and on December 9 was appointed colonel of the 4th New Mexico volunteers. In 1862 he commanded Fort Union and the Southern military district of New Mexico, respectively, participating in the skirmish at Peralta, New Mexico, April 15, and on April 25 he was promoted lieutenant-colonel U. S. A. He was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers on September 5, and, his appointment expiring March 4, 1863, he was reappointed on April 18, of that year. He served with the Army of the Potomac at Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg, and in the latter engagement lost the sight of both eyes by being wounded by a rifle ball. He was retired from active service, February 15, 1865, served until June of that year as deputy governor of the soldiers' home near Washington, D. C, and then conducted the military asylum at Harrodsburg, Kentucky, until December, 1866. He was brevetted brigadier-general U. S. A., March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at Gettysburg, and in December, 1866, Congress granted him the pay and allowances attaching to the full rank of brigadier-general. For his services in Mexico the citizens of St. Louis presented him with a sword, and in recognition of his services at Gettysburg the 29th New Jersey volunteers gave him a jeweled sword. After his death his comrades in the Grand Army erected a monument over his grave in the cemetery at Arlington, Virginia General Paul died in Washington, D. C, May 5, 1886.

Peck, John J., major-general, was born in Manlius, New York, January 4, 1821, and was graduated at the United States military academy in 1843. He took part in most of the important engagements of the Mexican war, was promoted 1st lieutenant, August 20, 1847, brevetted captain for gallantry at Contreras and Churubusco, major for meritorious conduct in the battle of Molino del Rey, and on his return to New York the citizens presented him with a sword. He subsequently served on scouting, frontier and recruiting duty, resigned his commission in 1853, and was then treasurer of the proposed railroad from New York to Syracuse via Newburg, and cashier of the Burnet bank, Syracuse, New York He was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, August 9, 1861, and served in the defenses of Washington and then in the Peninsular campaign. He engaged in the siege of Yorktown and the battles of Williamsburg and Fair Oaks; in the operations of the Seven Days' battles before Richmond, and on the change of base to the James river, June 26-July 2, 1862, he commanded the 2nd division of the 4th corps. He was promoted major-general of volunteers, July 4, 1862, and commanded a division at first composed of 9,000 men and afterwards augmented to almost 25,000, embracing all the Federal troops south of the James river. He was engaged in the operations about Suffolk, Virginia, and rendered valuable service by his brilliant defense of Suffolk against a superior force under Longstreet. He was in command of North Carolina, 1863-64, of the Department of the East with headquarters in New York, 1864-65, and was mustered out August 24, 1865. He then returned to Syracuse, New York, and organized at that place the New York State life insurance company, of which he was president until his death. He died in Syracuse, New York, April 28, 1878.

Pennypacker, Galusha, brigadier-general, was born in Valley Forge, Page 196 Pennsylvania, June 1, 1844. He entered the volunteer army for service in the Civil war, April 22, 1861, as quartermaster-sergeant in the 9th Pennsylvania infantry, and at the close of his three months' service enlisted for the war as captain in the 97th Pennsylvania infantry on August 22. He was promoted major in October and served in the Department of the South, being engaged in the operations in Florida and against Charleston, South Carolina He commanded a successful expedition against Woodstock mills, Florida, in February, 1864, was promoted lieutenant-colonel on April 3, and in that month was placed in command of the post at Fernandina. He was then transferred to the Army of the James under General Butler and fought at Swift creek, Drewry's bluff, Chester Station and Green Plains, and in the later engagements was three times wounded. He was promoted colonel on August 15, and after recovering from his wounds sufficiently to be able to return to the field commanded a brigade at Deep bottom, Strawberry plains and Malvern hill, in the trenches before Petersburg and in the capture of New Market heights. In the unsuccessful attempt to capture Fort Gilmer he was wounded and had a horse shot under him; he commanded a brigade before Petersburg in December, and took part in General Butler's unsuccessful attempt to capture Fort Fisher on December 25, and in the capture of that fort in January, 1865. General Terry claimed that but for his bravery at the assault on January 15 the place would not have been taken, and called him "the real hero of Fort Fisher." He was desperately wounded in the assault and lay in the hospital at Fort Monroe for ten months. For his gallantry there he was brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers, January 15, 1865. He was promoted to the full rank of brigadier-general of volunteers, February 15, 1865, and was brevetted major-general U. S. A. March 13, 1865, for his services during the war. For his gallantry at Fort Fisher Congress awarded him a medal of honor. General Pennypacker was commissioned colonel in the 34th U. S. infantry in July, 1866, and soon afterward was transferred to the 16th infantry. On March 2, 1867, he was brevetted brigadier-general and major-general in the regular army. He was retired on account of disability from wounds received in action, July 3, 1883. He was the youngest officer to hold the rank of general in the volunteer army, and the youngest man in the regular army to hold the rank of colonel and brevet major-general.

Penrose, William H., brigadier-general, was born at Madison barracks, Sacket's Harbor, New York, March 10, 1832. Prior to the Civil war he engaged in civil and mechanical engineering in Michigan, and on April 13, 1861, he was appointed 2nd lieutenant in the 3d U. S. infantry. He was promoted 1st lieutenant on May 14, was appointed colonel of the 15th New Jersey volunteers April 18, 1863, and commanded the 1st brigade, 1st division, 6th army corps, from the afternoon of the first day's fight at Chancellorsville until three days before the battle of Gettysburg, when General A. T. A. Torbert, absent by reason of wounds, returned.  He commanded his regiment at Gettysburg and in Grant's campaign against Richmond early in 1864, and then commanded a brigade again at the battle of Cold Harbor on June 1, and through the Wilderness campaign. He continued in command through the Shenandoah valley under Sheridan, and was wounded at Cedar creek on October 19. He was brevetted captain for gallantry at Marye's heights and major for good conduct at Gettysburg, was promoted captain, September 11, 1863, brevetted lieutenant-colonel for services in the Wilderness, colonel for gallantry at Cedar creek, brigadier-general of volunteers for conduct at Middletown, and on April 9, 1865, was brevetted brigadier-general in the regular army for gallant and meritorious services in the field during the war. He was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, June 27, 1865. and was honorably mustered out of the volunteer service, January 15, 1866. In the regular Page 197 army he rose to colonel of the 20th infantry, November 28, 1893. He was transferred to the 16th infantry in 1894 and retired by operation of law, March 10. 1896.

Phelps, John S., brigadier-general, was born in Simsbury, Connecticut, December 22, 1814. He was graduated at Trinity college, in 1832, practiced law in Cincinnati until 1837, and then moved to Springfield, Missouri, and was a member of the Missouri legislature in 1840 and brigade inspector of militia in 1841. He was a Democratic representative in Congress from 1845 to 1861, being chairman of the ways and means committee in the 35th Congress and one of the select committee of thirty-three on the seceding states in the 36th Congress. He declined reelection to the 37th Congress, and on October 2, 1861, became lieutenant-colonel of Phelps' regiment of Missouri infantry, becoming colonel of the regiment on December 19. He was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, July 19, 1862, and was military governor of Arkansas, 1862-63. He was a delegate to the National Union convention at Philadelphia in 1866; commissioner to settle the claims of Indiana, 1867; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for governor of Missouri, 1868, and governor of the state, 1876-82. He died in St. Louis, Missouri. November 20, 1886.

Phelps, John W., brigadier-general, was born in Guilford, Vermont, November 13, 1813. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1836 and served in the Florida war, 1836-39, on the Canadian frontier during the border disturbances, then at various forts, and in the Mexican war. In the latter conflict he took part in the battles of Vera Cruz, Contreras and Churubusco, and was brevetted captain for gallantry but declined, and in 1850 was promoted to the full rank of captain. He resigned from the service, November 2, 1859, and took up his residence in Brattleboro, Vermont, where he wrote many articles against the aggression of the slave power. When the Civil war broke out he became colonel of the 1st Vermont infantry, May 9, 1861, and on May 17 he was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers. He took possession of and held Newport News for the defense of Hampton Roads, from May to November, being engaged in several skirmishes, and was then transferred to the Department of the Gulf, where he took possession of Ship island, Mississippi, and with Commodore Farragut's fleet forced the opening of the lower Mississippi in April and May, 1862. While in garrison in Camp Parapet, Louisiana, in 1862, he organized the first negro troops, but was ordered by the government commander to cease such organization, and on that account he resigned, August 21, 1862. For his action in organizing the negroes the Confederate government declared him an outlaw. When the negroes were finally armed he declined a commission as major-general of colored troops, and he spent the rest of his life in Brattleboro, Vermont He was the candidate for the presidency of the United States on the American ticket in 1880. He devoted his attention principally to literary work, and was vice-president of the Vermont Historical society, 1863-85, and of the Vermont Teachers' association, 1865-85. He died in Guilford, Vermont, February 2, 1885.

Piatt, Abram S., brigadier-general, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 2, 1821. He was educated at the Athenaeum and at Kinmount academy in Cincinnati, and then engaged in farming in the Macacheek valley. He began to study law in 1846, and in that year founded a paper, which he afterwards edited for several years, called the "Macacheek Press." He enlisted in the volunteer army in 1861, was commissioned colonel of the 13th Ohio infantry on April 20, and in July raised and equipped at his own expense the 1st Ohio Zouave regiment, which became the 34th Ohio infantry, and of which he was commissioned colonel on Sept . 2. He then began to organize another regiment, with the intention of forming a brigade, but before it was completed he was ordered to the front, and Page 198 was made brigadier-general of volunteers, April 28, 1862. He commanded the post at Winchester, Virginia, for a short time, and subsequently he participated in the second battle of Bull Run and the battle of Fredericksburg. He resigned from the army, February 17, 1863, and resumed farming, became a member of the National Greenback-Labor party and was its candidate for governor in 1879. He was a member of the Patrons of Husbandry, serving as its state lecturer for two years, and he contributed poems to his own publication and to the Cincinnati "Commercial." Pierce, Byron R. (see vol. III, page 369). .

Pile, William A., brigadier-general, was born near Indianapolis, Indiana, February 11, 1829. He received an academic education, studied theology and became a Methodist minister, joining the Missouri conference. He became chaplain in the 1st Missouri light artillery, June 12, 1861; lieutenant-colonel of the 33d Missouri infantry, September 5, 1862; colonel of his regiment on December 23, and brigadier-general in the volunteer service, December 26, 1863. During his period of service he was engaged at Corinth, Vicksburg and Mobile. He was brevetted major-general of volunteers, April 9, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the siege and capture of Fort Blakely, and was honorably mustered out, August 24, 1865. General Pile was a representative in Congress from Missouri from 1867-69, but was defeated for reelection; was governor of New Mexico under appointment of General Grant, 1869-70, and United States minister to Venezuela, 1871-74. He died in Monrovia, California, July 7, 1889.

Pitcher, Thomas G., brigadier-general, was born in Rockport, Indiana, October 23, 1824. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1845 and served in the military occupation of Texas, and also in the war with Mexico, where he was engaged at Vera Cruz, Cerro Gordo and the other battles leading up to and including the assault and capture of the City of Mexico, winning the brevet of 1st lieutenant for gallantry at Contreras and Churubusco. He was subsequently on duty at various posts until the Civil war, being promoted 1st lieutenant in 1849 and captain in 1858, and he reported for duty in Washington in 1861. He served in the defense of Harper's Ferry in June, 1862, was severely wounded at the battle of Cedar mountain on August 9, and was granted sick leave of absence until January, 1863. He was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, November 29, 1862, and after returning to duty served on commissary and provost duty in Vermont and New York in 1863-64, and was assistant to the provost-marshal-general in Indiana, 1864-66. For gallantry at Cedar mountain he was brevetted major, August 9, 1862, and on March 13, 1865, he was given the brevet ranks in the regular army up to and including that of brigadier-general. He was mustered out of the volunteer service April 30, 1866; was promoted colonel and transferred to the 44th infantry, July 28, 1866, and was transferred to the 1st infantry. December 15, 1870. He was superintendent of the U. S. military academy, 1866-70; was governor of the soldiers' home, near Washington, D. G, from 1870 to 1877, and was superintendent of the New York State soldiers' and sailors' home from 1880 to 1887. He was retired from active service by reason of disability incurred in line of duty, June 28, 1878. General Pitcher died at Fort Bayard, New Mexico, October 21, 1895.

Pleasonton, Alfred, major-general, was born in Washington, D. G, June 7, 1824. He was graduated at the United States military academy m 1844 and served in the war with Mexico, where he won the brevet of 1st lieutenant for gallantry at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma. He was promoted captain in 1855, served during the disturbances in Kansas, and was then from 1858 to 1860 assistant adjutant-general of the Department of Oregon. He commanded a regiment in the Department of Utah from June to August, 1861, then took the regiment to Washington, and on Page 199 August 3, he was transferred to the 2nd cavalry, being subsequently engaged in the defenses of Washington. He served in the siege of Yorktown and the Seven Days' battles, was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, July 16, 1862, and commanded the advance cavalry division of the Army of the Potomac in the Maryland campaign in the fall of that year. For his services at Antietam he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel, and he subsequently took part in the Rappahannock campaign in the winter of 186263, and until June, 1863; commanded the cavalry corps of the Army of the Potomac during the Pennsylvania campaign, and was brevetted colonel for his services at Gettysburg. He was promoted major-general of volunteers, June 22, 1863, took part in the battles of Culpeper Court House and Brandy Station, Virginia, and in March, 1864, was transferred to the Department of the Missouri, where he was engaged in the defenses of Jefferson City, on October 8. He commanded subsequently the cavalry in pursuit of the Confederate General Price, and routed him near Marais des Cygnes river on October 25. For his services against Price he was brevetted brigadier-general in the regular army on March 13, 1865, and his brevet of major-general U. S. A. for gallant and meritorious services in the field during the war bore -the same date. General Pleasonton was mustered out of the volunteer service, January 15, 1866, after having engaged in over one hundred battles and skirmishes, and he resigned his commission in the regular army in 1868. He was subsequently for several years collector of internal revenue in New York city, and then became president of the Terre Haute & Cincinnati railroad. In May, 1888, he was placed on the retired list with the rank of major. General Pleasonton died in Washington, D. C, February 17, 1897.

Plummer, Joseph B., brigadier-general, was born in Barre, Massachusetts, August 10, 1820, and was graduated at the United States military academy in 1841. He served in Florida, on the western frontier and during the Mexican war, and was promoted 1st lieutenant in 1848 and captain in 1852. During the early part of the Civil war he rendered important services to General Nathaniel Lyon in Missouri in the capture of Camp Jackson, and he participated with that general in the battle of Wilson's creek, where he was severely wounded. On September 25, 1861, he became colonel of the 11th Missouri infantry, and, on October 22, he was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers. He defeated the Confederates at Fredericktown, Missouri, on October 12, and subsequently participated in the battle of New Madrid and the capture of Island No. 10. On April 25, 1862, he was promoted major in the regular army, and he served in the Mississippi campaign, being present at the siege and battle of Corinth, and taking part in the pursuit of the enemy at Booneville. He died as the result of exposure in camp, his death occurring near Corinth, Mississippi, August 9, 1862.

Poe, Orlando M., brigadier-general, was born in Navarre, Ohio, March 7, 1832. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1856, and until the Civil war was engaged on the survey of the northern lakes, being promoted 1st lieutenant in 1860. Early in the war he was engaged in organizing volunteers in Ohio, and he was chief topographical engineer of the Department of the Ohio from May 13, 1861, to July 15 of that year, taking part in the action at Rich mountain on July 11, on the staff of General McClellan. He was a member of General McClellan's staff at Washington from July to September, was appointed colonel of the 2nd Michigan volunteers on September 16, and he served during the following winter in the defenses of Washington. He served with the Army of the Potomac at the battles of Williamsburg and Fair Oaks, then commanded a brigade in the northern Virginia campaign and subsequently in the defenses of Washington, served in the Maryland campaign, was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, November 29, 1862, and participated in Page 200 the battle of Fredericksburg, afterwards commanding a division in the 9th army corps until April, 1863. He was promoted captain of engineers, March 3, 1863, and was subsequently successively chief engineer of the Army of the Ohio, of the Department of the Mississippi, and of Sherman's army. He was brevetted major for gallant services at the siege of Knoxville, lieutenant-colonel for gallantry at the capture of Atlanta, colonel for conduct at Savannah, and brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, for services in the Carolinas. After the war he was promoted major in 1867, lieutenant-colonel in 1882 and colonel in 1888. He was engineer secretary of the lighthouse board until 1870, constructed the lighthouse on Spectacle reef, Lake Huron, 1870-73; was aide-de-camp to General Sherman from 1873 to 1884, and at the same time had charge of river and harbor works from Lake Erie to Lake Superior. He was fatally injured while inspecting the great lock at Sault Ste. Marie, and died at Detroit, Michigan, October 2, 1895.

Pope, John, major-general, was born in Louisville, Kentucky, March 16, 1822; was graduated at the United States military academy and appointed a brevet second lieutenant of topographical engineers in 1842; was promoted second lieutenant May 9, 1846, first lieutenant March 3, 1853, captain July 1, 1856, brigadier-general July 14, 1862, major-general Oct . 26, 1882, and was retired March 16, 1886. In the volunteer service he was commissioned brigadier-general May 17, 1861, promoted major-general March 21, 1862, and was mustered out September 1, 1866. During his military career he was brevetted first lieutenant September 23, 1846, for gallant conduct in the several conflicts at Monterey; captain, February 23, 1847, for services at the battle of Buena Vista; and major-general, March 13, 1865, for services at the capture of Island No. 10. His early service included duty in Florida in 1842-44, in the survey of the boundary between the United States and the British provinces, and in the Mexican war. He was in charge of an exploring expedition in Minnesota in 1849, and proved that the Red river of the North could be navigated by steamers; on engineering service in New Mexico in 1851-53; and had charge of the survey of the route for the Pacific railroad near the thirty-second parallel in 1853-59. In 1861 he was one of the officers detailed by the war department to escort President-elect Lincoln to Washington. His first service in the Civil war was as commander of the District of northern Missouri, from which he was transferred successively to the southwestern and the central districts, and on December 18, 1861, he gained a victory over General Sterling Price at Blackwater, and forced the Confederates to retreat below the Osage river. His next detail was as commander of the land forces that cooperated with Admiral Foote in the operations against New Madrid and Island No. 10, on the Mississippi. After the occupation of Corinth he was transferred from the command of the Army of the Mississippi to that of the Army of Virginia, and for fifteen days in August, 1862, he fought a greatly superior force of Confederates, under General Lee, at Bristoe Station, Groveton, Manassas Junction, Gainesville and Germantown, and then fell back to Washington. On September 3 he asked to be relieved of his command, and soon afterward was appointed to the command of the Department of the Northwest. He proved efficient in checking the hostilities of the Indians in Minnesota, and held that command till 1865, when he was transferred to the military division of the Missouri, subsequently the Department of Missouri. In January, 1866, he was relieved of this command; in 1867-68 commanded the third military district, organized under the Reconstruction act of Congress, comprising the states of Alabama, Florida, and Georgia; in 1868-70 the Department of the Lakes; in 1870-84 the Department of the Missouri; and from 1884 till his retirement the Department of the Pacific. He died in Sandusky, Ohio, September 23, 1892.

Porter, Andrew, brigadier-general, was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, July 10, 1820. He entered the United States military academy in 1836, but left in 1837, and in 1846 he was appointed 1st lieutenant in the mounted rifles. He served throughout the Mexican war, winning the brevet of major for gallant and meritorious conduct at Contreras and Churubusco, and lieutenant-colonel for services at Chapultepec. He was promoted captain, May 15, 1847, served after the close of the Mexican war in Texas and the southwest, and on May 14, 1861, was promoted colonel of the 16th infantry. He was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers on May 17, and commanded a brigade in the 2nd division, McDowell's army, at the battle of Bull Run, and, after General David Hunter was wounded, the division. He was provost-marshal-general of the Army of the Potomac, 1861-62; organized state troops at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, in 1862, and in November was given a command in Pennsylvania and charged with the duties of provost-marshal-general of Washington, where he rendered valuable service in restoring order in the city and the surrounding district . He was mustered out of the volunteer service, April 4, 1864, and, owing to impaired health, resigned his commission in the regular establishment on April 20, afterwards travelling in Europe. He died in Paris, France, January 3. 1872.

Porter, Fitz-John, major-general, was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, June 13, 1822, son of Commander John Porter of the United States navy. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1845 and assigned to the 4th artillery, becoming 1st lieutenant, May 29, 1847. He served creditably at Vera Cruz and Cerro Gordo, was brevetted captain for gallant and meritorious conduct at Molino del Rey and major for services at Chapultepec. He was present also at the capture of the City of Mexico and was wounded at the Belen gate. In the interval between the Mexican and Civil wars he served on garrison duty and as instructor at West Point, became assistant adjutant-general with the rank of captain in 1856, and served during the troubles in Kansas and in the Utah expedition. He was promoted colonel of the 15th infantry, May 14, 1861, and on May 17, was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers. After taking part in the action of Falling Waters on July 2, General Porter commanded a division in the defenses of Washington, 1861-62, and in the Virginia Peninsular campaign in the spring of 1862, directing the siege of Yorktown, April 5-May 4. From May to August he commanded the 5th army corps, Army of the Potomac, and directed its operations in the battles of New bridge, Hanover Court House, Mechanicsville, Gaines' mill, Turkey tavern, and Malvern hill. He was promoted major-general of volunteers on July 4, having been brevetted brigadier-general U. S. A. on June 27 for gallantry at Chickahominy, was transferred to northern Virginia in August and commanded his corps under Pope at the second battle of Bull Run, subsequently protecting Washington by occupying the right bank of the Potomac. At Antietam he commanded the 5th army corps under McClellan, and on September 19, he fought with his own troops alone the battle of Shepherdstown and captured four guns. He was relieved of his command m November, and was ordered to Washington to appear before a military commission and answer charges preferred against him by General Pope. A court-martial was subsequently ordered, the first order being revoked, and on November 25 he was arrested, the charges against him being made known on December 1. He was charged with having failed to join Pope at Bristoe on the morning of August 28, and with having disobeyed two orders at the second battle of Bull Run on August 30, one to advance and the other to retreat. The court-martial found him guilty of the charges preferred, and he was cashiered January 21, 1863, and "forever disqualified from holding any office of trust or profit under the government of the United Page 202 States." The justice or injustice of the verdict was the subject of much controversy, and numerous appeals were subsequently made by Porter to have the case reopened. The clause providing that he should never again be permitted to hold office under the United States was remitted in 1882, and in 1885 President Arthur vetoed a bill which had passed both houses restoring him to his rank in the army, on the grounds that Congress lacked constitutional authority to pass such a bill. In 1886, however, President Cleveland signed a similar bill, and he was reappointed colonel, U. S. A., his commission dating from May 14, 1861. After leaving the army General Porter was engaged in business in New York for a time; was superintendent of the construction of the New Jersey insane asylum, 1872-75; commissioner of public works in New York city, 1875-77; assistant receiver of the Central railroad of New Jersey, 1877-82; police commissioner of New York city, 1884-88; fire commissioner, 1888-89, and cashier of the New York post-office, 1893-97. He declined an offer made him by the Khedive of Egypt in 1869 to command his army with the rank of major-general. General Porter died in Morristown, New Jersey, May 21, 1901.

Potter, Edward E., brigadier-general, was born in New York city, June 21, 1823. He was graduated at Columbia college in 1842, studied law, then spent some time in California, and after his return to the east devoted his attention to farming in New Jersey. He was appointed captain and commissary of subsistence in the volunteer army, February 3, 1862, served in North Carolina, and while there recruited the 1st North Carolina volunteers, of which he was commissioned colonel on Oct . 1. He served in North and South Carolina and East Tennessee, being commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, and on March 13, 1865, was brevetted major-general of volunteers for gallant and meritorious services during the war. He resigned, July 24, 1865, and after the war resided in Madison, New Jersey He died in New York city, June 1, 1889.

Potter, Joseph H., brigadier-general, was born in Concord, New Hampshire, October 12, 1822. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1843 and served in the military occupation of Texas and the Mexican war. He was engaged in the defense of Fort Brown, and for gallantry at Monterey, where he was severely injured while storming the enemy's works, he was brevetted 1st lieutenant. He was promoted 1st lieutenant in 1847 and captain in 1856, serving until the latter year on garrison duty, and taking part subsequently in the Utah expedition. He was on duty in Texas at the beginning of the Civil war and was captured by Confederates at San Augustine Springs, July 27, 1861, not being exchanged until August 27, 1862] He was appointed colonel of the 12th New Hampshire volunteers on September 22, and engaged in the Maryland and Rappahannock campaigns, commanding a brigade at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. He was severely wounded at Chancellorsville, and captured, and was held as a prisoner of war until October, 1863. He was promoted major and transferred to the 19th infantry, July 4, 1863, was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for gallantry at Fredericksburg and colonel for services at Chancellorsville, and after returning to duty was on special duty for five months and then provost-marshal of Ohio until September, 1864. He was then assigned to a brigade in the 18th corps of the Army of the James, which he commanded at the assault on Fort Harrison. From December, 1864, to January, 1865, he commanded a brigade in the 24th army corps, and was then chief-of-staff of that corps, being engaged in the attack on Hatcher's run and the subsequent operations until the surrender of Lee. He was brevetted brigadier-general in the regular army, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services in the final campaign. was commissioned brigadier-general in the volunteer army, May 1, 1865, and was mustered out of the volunteer service, January 1c. 1866. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel in Page 203 the 30th infantry, July 28, 1866, colonel in the 24th infantry, December 11, 1873, and brigadier-general, April 1, 1886. After the war he commanded various posts and districts, was governor of the Soldiers' Home, Washington, D. C, 1877-81, and commanded the Department of the Missouri from April to October 12, 1886, when he was retired from active service. General Potter died in Columbus, Ohio, December 1, 1892.

Potter, Robert B., major-general, was born in Schenectady, New York, July 16, 1829. He entered Union college in the class of 1849 but did not graduate, studied law, and at the time of the outbreak of the Civil war enjoyed a lucrative practice in New York city. He was appointed major of the 51st New York infantry, October 14, 1861, and was promoted lieutenant-colonel on November 1 and colonel September 10, 1862. He took part in Burnside's expedition to North Carolina, led the assault at Roanoke island, was "wounded at New Berne, and he subsequently participated in the battles of Cedar mountain, Manassas or second Bull Run, Chantilly, Antietam, where he took part in the assault on the stone bridge and was wounded, and Fredericksburg. He was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, March 13, 1863; commanded a division at Vicksburg and in the siege of Knoxville; was brevetted major-general of volunteers, August 1, 1864, commanded his division in the Wilderness campaign, and was severely 'wounded during the final assault on Petersburg, April 2, 1865. On his recovery he was given command of the Rhode Island and Connecticut district of the Department of the East. He was married, September 20, 1865, to Abby, daughter of John Austin Stevens, and on his wedding day was given his commission as full major-general of volunteers. He was honorably mustered out of the volunteer service, January 15, 1866, and was then for three years receiver of the Atlantic & Great Western railroad. He died in Newport, Rhode Island, February 19, 1887.

Potts, Benjamin F., brigadier-general, was born in Carroll county, Ohio, January 29, 1836. He attended Westminster college at New Wilmington, Pennsylvania, for a time, but did not graduate, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1859, subsequently practicing his profession in Carroll county. At the beginning of the Civil war he raised a company, of which he was elected captain and which became a part of the 32nd Ohio, and he was present with his regiment at Cheat mountain and Greenbrier, at McDowell and Franklin in the spring of 1862, and subsequently was with General Fremont in his pursuit of Jackson, where he was engaged at Cross Keys and Port Republic. The regiment was subsequently ordered to Cleveland for reorganization, Captain Potts was commissioned its lieutenant-colonel, and on December 28, was made its colonel. Colonel Potts then joined .Grant at Memphis and took part in the Vicksburg campaign, distinguishing himself at Port Gibson, Raymond, Jackson and Champion's hill. He commanded a brigade in Sherman's expedition to Meridian and subsequently in the Georgia campaign, distinguishing himself again in the movements at Big Shanty, Kennesaw mountain and in the battles near Atlanta. He was also engaged at Jonesboro and Lovejoy's Station, and was in the engagements of Sherman's army in the Carolinas. He was promoted brigadier-general, January 15, 1865, and was brevetted major-general of volunteers, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services during the war. General Potts was mustered out, January 15, 1866, and afterwards engaged in the practice of law at Carrollton, Ohio. He died, June 17, 1887.

Powell, William H., brigadier-general, was born in Monmouthshire, South Wales, May 10, 1825. He came to the United States with his parents in 1830, received a common school education in Nashville, Tennessee, afterwards engaged in the erection of manufacturing works, and was from 1857 to 1861 manager of the Lawrence iron works at Ironton, Ohio. He Page 204 entered the Federal army in August, 1861, recruited a company of cavalry in southern Ohio, and became captain in the 2nd W. Virginia cavalry on November 8. He became major and then lieutenant-colonel of this regiment in 1862, was commissioned its colonel, May 18, 1863, and on July 18 was wounded while leading his regiment in a charge at Wytheville, Virginia, being left on the field and taken prisoner. He was exchanged in February, 1864, commanded a division in Sheridan's cavalry corps in the Shenandoah valley, and was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers on October 19, while on March 13. 1865, he was brevetted major-general of volunteers for gallant and meritorious services in the campaign of 1864 in West Virginia, and "particularly at the battle of Front Royal, Virginia" In 1890 he was awarded a 'Congressional medal of honor "for distinguished services in a raid where, with only 20 men he charged and captured the enemy's camp, 500 strong, without the loss of a man or gun at Sinking creek, Virginia, November 26, 1862." General Powell resigned, January 5, 1866, declined a Republican nomination for Congress offered him in 1866 and again in 1868, and was a Grant and Colfax elector in the latter year. He superintended the building and was general manager of the Clifton nail works in Mason county, W. Virginia, 1867-70, was general manager of the Belleville nail company of Belleville, Illinois, 1876-80, and in 1882 organized the Western nail company at Belleville, of which he was made president and general manager. He was department commander of the G. A. R. in Illinois, 1895-96, and was appointed internal revenue collector for the 13th district of Illinois in 1898.

Pratt, Calvin E., brigadier-general, was born in Princeton, Massachusetts, January 23, 1828. He was educated at Wilbraham and Worcester academies, taught school and practiced law for several years in Worcester. He removed to Brooklyn in 1859 and at the beginning of the Civil war organized the 31st New York infantry, which he commanded in the battle of Bull Run, and of which he was commissioned colonel, August 14, 1861. He was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, September 13, 1862, and commanded a brigade at Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville. He resigned from the service, April 25, 1863, and practiced law in Brooklyn until 1869. He was then until 1891 judge of the supreme court of New York, after which he practiced his profession in Brooklyn again until 1895, when he became associate judge of the appellate division of the supreme court. He died in Rochester, Massachusetts, August 3, 1896.

Prentiss, Benjamin M., major-general, was born in Belleville, Virginia, November 23, 1819. He removed to Missouri in 1835 and to Quincy, Illinois, in 1841, and in 1844 was 1st lieutenant in the Quincy rifles, organized to drive the Mormons out of Hancock, Illinois He was captain and adjutant in the 1st Illinois volunteers during the Mexican war, receiving honorable mention at Buena Vista, and after returning to Quincy engaged as a commission merchant. He was the unsuccessful candidate for Congress from his district in 1860, and at the beginning of the Civil war reorganized his old company and became colonel of the 10th Illinois volunteers, April 29, 1861. He was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers on May 17; commanded Cairo for three months; led the expedition that raided southern Missouri from Pilot Knob, and on December 28, routed the Confederate force at Mt. Zion, Missouri. He joined Grant at Pittsburg landing three days before the battle of Shiloh, and during the first day's fight was captured with most of his command while valiantly holding his position. He was released in October, 1862, was promoted major-general of volunteers on November 29, and served on the court-martial of Fitz-John Porter. He subsequently commanded Helena, Arkansas, in 1863, and repulsed the attack of the Confederate forces under Generals Price and Holmes there on July 4. General Prentiss resigned his commission, October 28, 1863, and subsequently practiced law in Bethany, Missouri He died there, February 8, 1901.

Prime, Frederick E., brigadier-general, was born in Florence, Italy, September 24, 1829. He was graduated at the United States military academy at the head of his class in 1850 and assigned to the engineer corps, and prior to the Civil war was employed on fortifications in New York, California, Alabama and Mississippi. While on his way to Fort Pickens in 1861 he was taken captive by Confederate forces, was commissioned captain on August 6, and served after his release in the Manassas campaign. He was then for the next six months successively chief engineer of the departments of Kentucky, the Cumberland, and the Ohio, and after being wounded and again taken prisoner he served under Grant in the Mississippi campaign of 1862-63. He was brevetted major for gallantry at Corinth, was promoted major, June 1, 1863, and took part in the siege of Vicksburg, where he won the brevet promotion to lieutenant-colonel. He was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers August 4, 1863. On March 13, 1865, he was brevetted colonel and brigadier-general U. S. A., for gallant and meritorious conduct during the war. He was retired, September 5, 1871, on account of disability incurred in line of duty. He died, August 12, 1900.

Prince, Henry, brigadier-general, was born in Eastport, Maine, June 19, 1811. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1835, and served in the Seminole war, 1836-37, the Florida war of 1841-42, and the Mexican war. In the latter conflict he won the brevet of captain for gallantry at Contreras and Churubusco, was present also at the capture of San Antonio, and was brevetted major for gallantry in the battle of Molino del Rey, where he was severely wounded. After the war he was an invalid from his wound for three years, and subsequently served on coast survey duty and in the pay department, and took part in the Utah expedition. In the Civil war he took part in the northern Virginia campaign, was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers, April 28, 1862, and at the battle of Cedar mountain he commanded first a brigade in General Augur's division, and, after that officer was wounded, the division; was captured there and held prisoner until December. For gallant and meritorious service at Cedar mountain he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel and after his release he participated in the North Carolina operations early in 1863, was ordered to Maryland in June, was engaged at the action at Wapping heights in July, and from October to December commanded a division in the Rapidan campaign, being prominent in the attack on the Confederates at Antioch Church on November 29. He commanded the district of Columbus, Kentucky, from April to August, 1864, was engaged from October to November in the pursuit of Forrest's raiders in Tennessee and Alabama, and from January to May, 1865, commanded a provisional division on the coast of South Carolina. On March 13, 1865, he was brevetted colonel and brigadier-general in the regular army for faithful, gallant and meritorious services during the war, and he was mustered out of the volunteer service, April 30, 1866. After the war he served in the pay department, rising to lieutenant-colonel and department paymaster-general in 1877, and he was retired in 1879. He committed suicide in London, England, August 19, 1892.

Quinby, Isaac F., brigadier-general, was born near Morristown, Morris county, New Jersey, January 29, 1821. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1843 and served from 1845 to 1847 as assistant professor at West Point, engaging then in the war with Mexico. In 1852 he resigned his commission and was until the Civil war professor of mathematics and natural and experimental philosophy at the University of Rochester, New York He became colonel of the 13th New York infantry. May 14, 1861, led his regiment through Baltimore to Washington, and then resigned his commission on August 4. He was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, March 17, 1862, took part in the northern Mississippi campaign Page 206 of 1862-63, and was detailed to guard the western extremity of the Memphis & Charleston railroad. He subsequently took an important part in the operations about Vicksburg, as commander of the 7th division of the Army of the Tennessee, planning an attack on Fort Pemberton which was given up on orders from General Grant. He was ordered home on sick leave, May 1, 1863, but, hearing of Grant's proposed attack on Vicksburg returned to the command of his division two weeks later, and engaged in the battle of Champion's hill on May 16, and in the assaults on Vicksburg, May 19-22. His health again failing he was on leave of absence from June to August, then commanded a draft rendezvous at Elmira, New York, until December, and on December 31, resigned his commission and resumed his chair at the University of Rochester. He was city surveyor of Rochester, 1886-90, and a trustee and vice-president of the soldiers' home at Bath, New York, 1879-86. He was the author of mathematical text-books. General Quinby died in Rochester, New York, September 18, 1891.


Source: The Union Army, Vol. V. Madison, Wisconsin: Federal Publishing Company, 1908.